| | | Protection of corneal epithelial stem cells prevents ultraviolet A damage during corneal collagen cross-linking treatment for keratoconus Background/aims Cross-linking of the cornea is usually carried out at a young age as a treatment to manage ectasia. The corneal limbal region contains delicate long-lived stem cells, which could potentially be deleteriously affected by Ultraviolet A (UV-A) radiation. Damage to these stem cells may not demonstrate as aclinical problem for many years subsequent to crosslinking treatment. UV-A radiation is known to have potential mutagenic effects upon mammalian DNA and can result in cancer. Methods Cultured corneal epithelial cells and ex vivo corneal tissue were treated with the standard... | | The Implementation of cooperative learning in English class of favorite School of secondary high school 5 Batusangkar, West Sumatera The aim of this research is to explain the implementation of cooperative learning in English class of favorite school of Secondary High School 5 Batusangkar, West Sumatera; to find out the achievement of Cooperative Learning in English class of Favorite School of Secondary High School 5 Batusangkar, West Sumatera; and to know how is the strengths and weaknesses of cooperative learning methods in English class in Secondary High School 5 Batusangkar, West Sumatera. This research belongs to descriptive qualitative research. Instruments applied here were observation, interview and... | | |
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